Kaninang hapon ay pumanaw na ang aking tatay. Ang aking senior. Masakit isipin na hindi ko man lang siya nakausap bago ang kanyang pagpanaw. Kahit na noong ako ay nasa bakasyon, mahigit isang buwan kaming hindi nagkaroon ng pagkakataon na mag-usap. Hindi ko alam na ang huling pagkikita at pag-uusap namin ay noong ako ay paalis. Madaling araw hinawakan ko ang kamay niya at sinabing magpalakas at magpagaling siya dahil magbibirthday pa si Tricia kailangan nakakapaglakad na ulit siya.
Hindi ko man lang nasabi sa kanya ang lahat ng gusto kong sabihin. Pasasalamat at pag hingi ng sorry sa mga kalokohan ko noon.
Kailangan lang talaga palakasin ang loob, magpakatatag at tanggapin ang pangyayari.
Sana naman ay napawi na ang kanyang paghihirap sa karamdaman niya at siya ay nasa langit na.
Napaka hirap naman ng nararamdaman ko ngayon. Pagkagising ko unang balita ay nasa critical condition si tatay sa hospital. Ang nanay di ko na makausap, ayaw makipag usap sa phone iyak ng iyak nanginginig. Ang layo ko pa sa kanila. Magkasunod kami ni kuya na umalis ng bansa last month. Ang bigat naman ng sabi ng doctor na wag na umasa maka survive pa si tatay sa condition nya ngayon.
Di ko malaman ang gagawin dito para akong nanghihina at nahihilo. Parang nasusuka ako.
Miss ko na si tatay. Hindi man lang kami nakapag usap ng matagal nung nasa Pilipinas ako. Hindi ko nga sya kilala ng lubusan. Nung bata ako siya ang nag aabroad nung tumigil sya mag abroad ako naman ang umalis ng bansa.
Kung ano ano tuloy ang pumapasok sa isip ko. Ang lungkot ng weekend na to. Sana naman maka survive si tatay at gumaling sya.
Nakaka-isang linggo na ako dito sa Singapore pero hirap pa rin ako mag-adjust sa pang araw-araw na trabaho at buhay. Malaki kasi ang kaibahan sa nakaraang apat na taon ng aking buhay sa Indonesia. At ang lugar talagang baligtad. Kung dati ay nasa bundok ako sa gitna ng isang malungkot na isla, ngayon naman ay nasa isang masigla at progresibong siyudad ako.
Malakas sa gastos dito. Mahal ang bilihin. Mahal ang taxi. Kaya talagang nagtitiyaga ako sa MRT na palaging siksikan. Napupurga na ako sa pagkain dito. Kung hindi noodles, tinapay. Kung kanin naman ay mahirap mamili ng ulam. Mahirap din kasi basta na lang pumili ng ulam na hindi mo alam ang lasa at kung paano niluto.
Nahihilo pa rin ako sa kung saan ang babaan at sakayan ng MRT at bus. Ang kabisado ko pa lang ay ang papunta sa opisina mula sa bahay at ang pauwi.
Sana hanggang sa weekends ay masanay na ako ng husto sa mga pasikot-sikot ng buhay dito sa Singapore. Naghahanap na nga ako ng bagong hobby na uubos sa aking oras at hindi sa aking baon na pera (bwahahaha).
Nakatapos na ako ng job assignment sa Tangguh at heto sa bahay pakuya kuyakoy muna habang kalaro ko si 3cia. Sarap din ng feeling ng maka-kumpleto ng isang mahabang proyekto lalo pa nga at ito ang una kong pagsabak sa abroad. Minsan parang nakakalungkot ding isipin na makaraan ang mahigit apat na taon ay di na ako babalik sa gubat.
Pero siyempre mas masarap naman ang pakiramdam ng pag-uwi sa pamilya. Pa-easy easy muna dito sa bahay bago na ulit paganahin ang utak sa trabaho after 3 weeks. Tsaka na rin ang blog. :-)
Nagback fire ang pag-a-apply ko ng pag-uwi kahapon. Sabi ko kasi kay bossing baka pwedeng pauwiin na ako ng mas maaga sa Pilipinas dahil wala na naman ako masyadong ginagawa sa opisina at pakiramdam ko ay mababa na ang productivity ko. Blangka! Hindi daw maaari dahil marami pang nakapilang trabaho.
At heto nga tambak ang gawain. Wala pang limang minuto kahapon ay tinawag ako ni bossing at niratratan ng mga papagawang programs, reports, charts, S-curves at ang madugong statistical computations at iba't ibang formats at groupings...isama pa ang standard deviation na i-a-apply sa mga figures depende sa historical data ng company. Waaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!!! Napakatagal ko pa naman sinisisi ang eskwela ko noong high school sa pagtuturo ng masyadong advanced statistics dahil wala naman mapag-gamitan. Ngayon dumating ang oras na kailangan ko na ilabas ang konting natatandaan ko sa stat.
Eto nga at ihi lang ang pahinga. One-man team sa paggawa ng close out reports, pag consolidate ng construction, commissioning at site prep database pati na ang pagso-sort at rename ng limpak limpak na litrato sa nakaraang anim na taon. Kung bakit kasi nauso pa ang digital camera ayan tuloy halos walang limit sa pagkuha ng litrato kada linggo heto tuloy sa huli ako ang mahihirapan. Wadapak! 50 GB ng litrato to sort and rename.
Isang advertisement sa olx.ph na aking nabangga habang naghahanap ng "Lots-4-Sale".
Parang mali yata ang search engine ng web site na yun at dito ako dinala:
LOOKING FOR SOMEONE OUT THERE THAT HAVE A LONG PATIENCE LOLX
— Taguig
Lokasyon: Taguig, Metro Manila, Pilipinas
Petsa kung Kailan Pinost: Hunyo 11
Names
Graciey 22 years old... just looking around for someone who could
accept and understand me as i am.. Particularly looking for friendship,
love and if possible for marriage lolx... Age is from 19to 28 years
old... Below are some of my IDEAL GUY... if you feel that you're in,
then message me back...ahahahaha... posers arenot allowed... NO REAL PIC NO REPLY
1.Hemust match my sarcastic and dry sense of humor, or at least understand it.
2.Hemust care very much about family.
3.He must be very affectionate, but realize that there are times when i need my space.
4.He must be capable of taking care of himself financially.
5. Must have the ambition to make changes to improve his life, rather than just wishing things would be better.
6.must
be open minded on subjects of religion and politics. 7. he doesn't
necessarily have to have a college education, but he must be able to
keep up with intelligent conversation and have an educated opinion on
things.
8. he must
fully understand that our relationship is a partnership, and we share
all duties as equally as possible, such as working, paying bills,
cleaning, cooking, child rearing, etc.
9. he must give me just as much love and respect as i give him.
10.we have to be able to be friends with each other before ever starting to become romantic.
Taas:
162.00 cm
Timbang:
Balingkinitan
Lahi:
Asian
Edad:
22
Uri ng Relasyon:
Isang Relasyon or simply Relasyon - Kasal - Nagde-date - Kaibigan - Isang Kapareha sa isang Aktibidad o Gawain
Comments ng mga lalaki:
splinter sabi:
you are the perfect girl for me
romantiko sabi:
miss ang hinahanap mo ay isang guni guni
father Jose sabi:
sometimes
it's quite PATHETIC to look for something like that here..better try a
more appropriate event/place/time...which includes "patience"
borja sabi:
hi so luk like beautiful
Juan sabi:
masarap ang mangarap but be realistic.
Sumagot ang nag post:
owner <-- sabi:
ahahaha inggit lang kayo :p d mag post din kayo :) WALANG GAMOT SA INSECURE AHAHAHAHA
Humirit pa ang loka bwahahahaha! Sundan ang link para basahin ang kabuuan at makita ang larawan...
Age is an issue of mind over matter. If you don't mind, it doesn't matter. ~Mark Twain
Tumatanda na yata talaga ako. Sabagay bawat saglit ay talagang nadadagdagan ang edad ng tao. Hindi talaga mapipigilan kahit anong anti-aging pills o kape ang inumin mo. Kahit lumaklak pa ng sangkaterbang wine tatanda at tatanda pa rin.
Narito ang ilang bagay na naobserbahan ko sa aking sarili nitong mga nakaraang araw:
Mabilis na pagkapagod sa trabaho. Kung dati ay kaya ko pa ang dalawang shifts ng trabaho (sa EPZA), ngayon naman ay laylay na ang tari ko sa ten-hour work day.
Pananakit ng tuhod, likod at alak-alakan matapos ang kalahating oras ng jogging. Dati naman ay nakakatagal ako ng isang oras at wala man lang maramdaman kundi konting pagod.
Paglabo ng paningin. Isang taon na akong (bumalik) gumagamit ng salamin sa mata.
Pagiging antukin sa araw at hirap matulog sa gabi.
Mabilis na paglimot sa mga bagay-bagay. Kung dati ay may photographic memory ako ngayon ay meron pa rin naman, black and white na nga lang.
Paghaba ng pasensiya. Dahil na rin sa kakulangan ng kakayahan sa pagiging agresibo sa buhay ay dinadaan na lamang sa pasensiya.
Madalas na pagmumuni-muni. Pag-iisip ng mga plano sa hinaharap at pagre-reflect sa mga past experiences na ang karaniwang ginagawa kapag walang ginagawa.
Bumabagal na metabolism, sabi nga ng isa kong katoto dito. Hindi ko lang alam kung anong alam nya sa metabolism at bigla niya naisingit ito. Para may masabi lang siguro.
Mabilis at walang katapusang pagtubo ng bigote at balbas. Kung dati ay once a week lang ako mag shave aba ngayon naman ay every other day o tuwing makalawa dahil kung hindi ay tatalunin ko si Steve Carell sa hitsura ng tatsing niya sa Little Miss Sunshine at Evan Almighty.
Natuto na akong uminom ng kape kahit na masama raw ito sabi dito.
Mabuti naman at may pumalag na rin sa mga higanteng telecommunication companies sa kanilang panggugulang sa mga subscribers nito. Matagal na rin kasing nangyayari ang unsolicited promos na sapilitang kakain sa load ng cellphone. Katulad ng ring tones, operator logos, horoscope ni madam auring, mga payo ni mang ernie tungkol sa pito-pito at iba pa.
Naaalala ko pa nitong nakaraang buwan lang ng ako ay mag load ng 300 pesos sa roaming ko. Aba matapos makapasok ang load ay sunod sunod ang text messages na aking natanggap. Ang buong akala ko ay maraming nakaalala sa akin. Pag bukas ko ng mensahe ay nagmula lahat kay Smart Ass. Di ko lang pinansin. Lingid sa aking kaalaman (did i just say lingid?) ay sapilitan na palang binawasan ang aking load! Paano nangyari yun? Matapos kong magpadala ng apat na mensahe ay check operator services na ang bumulaga sa akin sa pang limang pagpapadala ng sms. Maygad naman talaga!!! Paano kaya ipapaliwanag ng service provider sa kanilang mga subscribers na nanakawan ng load sa pamamagitan ng haytek na pamamaraan, wayrless kasi.
Ang magagawa mo na lang talaga ay magpalit ng bagong sim card na hindi pa sapilitang isinali sa mga promotions ng iyong telcom provider. Smart nga talaga dahil kahit nasa-kabilang dako ka ng Globe mababawasan ang load mo ng di mo namamalayan sumikat man ang Sun o hindi. Grrrr!!!
En
el pueblo de Cavite Viejo comprensión de esta provincia de Cavite, a
doce de junio de mil ochocientos noventa y ocho: ante mí Don Ambrosio
Rianzares Bautista, Auditor de guerra, Delegado especial nombrado para
proclamar y solemnizar este acto por el Gobierno Dictatorial de estas
Islas Filipinas, al efecto y en virtud de la circular que dirigió el
Egregio Dictador de ellas Don Emilio Aguinaldo Fami, congregados los
infranscristos entre Jefes de su Ejército y representantes de los otros
de ellos que no han podido concurrir y vecinos notables de varios
pueblos de las mismas, teniendo en cuenta que cansados ya sus
habitantes de sobrellevar el ominoso yugo de la dominación española por
las aprehensiones arbitrarias y malos tratos que hacía la Guardia Civil
hasta causar la muerte por condescendencia, y hasta expresa disposición
de sus Jefes que llegaban a veces a ordenar el fusilamiento de los
aprehendidos bajo el pretexto de que intentaban fugarse en
contravención de lo que se dispone en los Reglamentos de su Instituto
cuyos abusos se dejaban impunes y por las deportaciones injustas
especialmente las decretadas por el General Blanco de personas
ilustradas y de cierta posición social a moción del Arzobispo y frailes
interesados en mantenerles en el obscurantismo por sus miras egoístas y
codiciosas, deportaciones que se llevan a cabo desde luego mediante un
procedimiento más execrable que el de la Inquisición y que rechaza toda
nación civilizada por resolverse sin audiencia de los que a él están
sometidos.
Determiaron hacer un movimiento insurreccional en Agosto de
mil ochocientos noventa y seis, a recobrar la independencia y soberanía
de que les privó España por medio del adelantado Miguel López de
Legazpi que continuando el rumbo seguido por su predecesor Hernando de
Magallanes, que arribó a las playas de Cebu y ocupó esta Isla por medio
de pacto de amistad que celebró con su Rey Tupas, aunque fue muerto en
el combate habido en dichas playas a que le provocó el Rey Kalipulako
de Manktan, receloso de sus malas intenciones, desembarcó en la Isla de
Bohol haciendo también el célebre pacto de sangre de amistad con su Rey
Sikatuna para después de tomar por fuerza a Cebu, porque el sucesor
Tupas no le consintió ocuparlo, venir a la capital de Manila como así
hizo, granjeando igualmente la amistad de sus Reyes Soliman y La
Kandela y tomando después posesión de ella por todo el Archipiélago
para España, en virtud de las órdenes del Rey Felipe II que dados estos
precedentes históricos porque en derecho internacional no es reconocida
la prescripción establecida por las Leyes para legitimar hasta la
adquisición viciosa de bienes de particulares, no se puede poner en
duda la legitimidad de tal movimiento que calmó y no del todo sofocó la
pacificación propuesta por Don Pedro A. Paterno con Don Emilio
Aguinaldo como presidente del Gobierno Republicano constituído en
Biaknabato y aceptado por el Gobernador General Don Fernando Primo de
Rivera bajo condiciones que se establecieron unas escritas y otras
verbales, entre ellas, las amnistía general para todos los emigrados y
condenados: que por incumplimiento de alguna que otra de estas
condiciones después de la destrucción de la Escuadra Española por la
Norteamericana y bombardeo de la plaza de Cavite, volvió Don Emilio
Aguinaldo para iniciar una nueva revolución, y apenas que dio la voz
para efectuarse el treinta y uno del mes próximo pasado, algunos
pueblos se anticiparon a moverse, y el veintiocho entre Imus y Cavite
Viejo fue copada y tuvo que rendirse una fuerza española de ciento
setenta y ocho al mando de un Comandante de Infantería de Marina,
propagándose este movimiento como chispa eléctrica en los otros
pueblos, así de esta misma provincia como de los de Bataan, Pampanga,
Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna y Morong, algunos con puertos y tal es el
éxito del triunfo de nuestras armas verdaderamente asombroso y sin
ejemplo en la historia de las revoluciones coloniales que en la primera
solo quedan por rendirse los Destacamentos de Naie e Indang, en la
segunda no existe ya ninguno, en la tercera esta localizada la
resistencia de iguales fuerzas en el pueblo de San Fernando en él
concentradas la mayor parte y el resto en los de Macabebes, Sesmoan y
Guagua; en la cuarta en la Villa de Lipa, en la quinta en la Cabecera y
Calumpit; y en las dos restantes en sus respectivas Cabeceras y próxima
a estar completamente sitiada la Ciudad de Manila por las nuestras amén
de las provincias de Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Pangasinan, Union, Zambales,
y algunas otras de las Islas Visayas insurreccionadas en algunos de sus
pueblos, en unos casi a raíz de aquella pacificación y en otros aún
antes, de suerte que puede darse por segura la independencia de nuestro
territorio y reivindicada nuestra soberanía, y tomando por testigo de
la rectitud de nuestras intenciones al Juez Supremo del Universo, bajo
la protección de la Potente y Humanitaria Nación Norte Americana,
proclamos y declaramos solemnemente en nombre y por la Autoridad de los
habitantes de todas estas Islas Filipinas, que son y tienen el derecho
de ser libres e independientes, que están desligadas de toda obediencia
a la Corona de España, que todo lazo politico entre unos y otra, está y
debe estar completamente roto y anulado y que como todos los Estados
libres e independientes, tienen plena Autoridad para hacer la Guerra,
concluir la paz, celebrar tratados mercantiles, contraer alianzas,
reglamentar el Comercio y realizar todos demás actos y cosas que los
Estados Independientes tienen el derecho de hacer, y poseídos de firme
confianza en la protección de la Divina Providencia, comprometemos
mutuamente para sostenimiento de esta declaración, nuestras vidas,
nuestras fortunas y nuestro bien más sagrado que es el honor.
Admitimos, aprobamos y confirmamos con las disposiciones emanadas de
ellas, la Dictadura constituída por Don Emilio Aguinaldo a quien
acatamos como Jefe Supremo de esta Nación que empieza ya hoy a tener
vida propia, por creer haber sido el instrumento elegido por Dios, a
pesar de sus humildes dotes para efectuar la redención de este
desdichado pueblo, preconizada por el Doctor Don José Rizal en los
versos magníficos que compuso al ser puesto en Capilla para ser
fusilado, librádole del yugo dela dominación Española en castigo de la
impunidad que su Gobierno dejaba de los abusos que cometían sus
subordinados, y de los fusilamientos injustos de dicho Rizal y otros
que fueron sacrificados para contentar a la frailocracia insaciable en
s used hidrópica de venganza y de exterminio de todos los que se oponen
a sus maquiavélicos fines con conculcación del Código Penal que dio
para estas Islas, y de los de personas meramente sospechosas, ordenados
por los Jefes de Destacamentos, a instigación de los frailes sin forma
ni figura de juicio y sin auxilio spiritual de nuestra sagrada
Religión, igualmente que para el mismo fin fueron ahorcados los
eminentes patricios curas filipinos Doctor Don José Burgos, Don Mariano
Gómez y Don Jacinto Zamora, cuya sangre inocente derramada en virtud de
intriga de esas corporaciones mal llamadas religiosas que simularon la
insurrección militar estallada la noche del veintiuno de enero de mil
ochocientos setenta y dos en el fuerte de San Felipe de la plaza de
Cavite, atribuyendo su promoción a dichos mártires para impedir el
cumplimiento del Decreto-Sentencia dictado por el Consejo de Estado en
el recurso contencioso Administrativo interpuesto por el Clero Secular
contra las Reales Ordenes por las que se mandó entregar los curatos que
poseía en este Arzobispado a los Recoletanos en cambio de los que
regentaban en Mindanao que se cedían a los Jesuítas, revocándolas por
completo y ordenando la devolución de aquellos curatos cuyo expediente
quedó archivado en el Ministerio de Ultramar; a donde fue remitido en
los últimos meses del año anterior para extender la oportuna Real
Prohibición; fue la que hizo brotar el árbol de la libertad de este
nuestro querido suelo, haciéndolo crecer los inicuos procedimientos
empleados para oprimirnos más y más, hasta que agotada la última gota
del cáliz de nuestros sufrimientos, estalló la pasada insurrección en
Caloocan, se propagó en Santamesa y continuó con las inmediatas en esta
provincial, donde el heroísmo sin igual de sus habitantes dio al traste
con los combates del General Blanco, y contuvo a las numerosas huestes
del General Polavieja por espacio de tres meses, sin los elementos de
guerra de que hoy disponemos y empezando con armas propias de este país
qie son el bolo, caña agusada y saeta.
Además conferimos a nuestro
renombrado Dictador Don Emilio Aguinaldo todas las facultades
necesarias para desempeñar dibidamente su Gobierno inclusas las
prerrogativas de indulto y amnistía.
Y por ultimo se acordó
unánimemente que esta Nación ya Independiente desde hoy, debe usar la
bandera que hasta ahora sigue usando, cuya forma y colores se hallan
descritos en el Adjunto dibujo con el remate que representa al natural
con tres referidas armas significando el triángulo blanco como
distintivo de la célebre Sociedad “Katipunan” que por medio de pacto de
sangre empujó a las masas a insurreccionarse; representando las tres
estrellas las tres principales Islas de este Archipiélago, Luzon,
Mindanao y Panay en que estalló este movimento insurreccional;
indicando el sol los agigantados pasos que han dado los hijos de este
país en el camino del progreso y civilización, simbolizando los ocho
rayos de aquél las ocho provincias: Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga,
Marinduque, Bataan, Laguna y Batangas, declarando en estado de guerra
apenas se inició la primera insurrección; conmemorando los colores
azul, rojo y blanco los de la bandera de los Estados Unidos de la
América del Norte, como manifestación de nuestro profundo
agradecimiento hacia esta Gran Nación por la desinteresada protección
que nos presta y seguirá prestando.
Y empuñando la dicha bandera la
presenté a los Señores congregados: Don Segundo Aveliano, Don Tiburcio
del Rosario, Don Sergio Matias, Don Agapito Zialeita, Don Glaviano
Alonso, Don Mariano Legazpi, Don José Turiano Santiago y Acosta, Don
Aurelio Tolentino, Don Félix Ferrey, Don Felipe Buen Camino, Don
Fernando Canon Faustino (hijo), Don Anastasio Gimenez, Don Timoteo
Bernali, Don Flaviano Rodriguez, Don Luciano Masancay, Don Narciso
Muguya, Don Gregorio Villa, Don Luis Perez de Tayle, Don Canuto
Celestino, Don Marcos Foesien, Don Martin de los Reyes, Don Ciriaco
Bansa, Don Manuel Santos, Don Mariano Toribio, Don Gabriel Reyes, Don
Hugo Lim, Don Emiliano Lim, Don Fausto Tisono, Don Rosendo Simon, Don
Leon Tanyangues, Don Gregorio Bonifacio, Don Manuel Salafranca, Don
Simon Villareal, Don Calixto Lara, Don Beneventura Toribio, Don
Zacarias Fajardo, Don Florencio Manulo, Don Ramon Ganas, Don Marcelino
Gomez, Don Valentin Polintan, Don Felix Polintan, Don Evaristo
Dimulantu, Don Gregorio Alvarez, Don Sabas de Guzman, Don Esteban
Francisco, Don Guido Yap-tinchay, Don Sillariano Rianzares Bautista,
Don Francisco Arumbulo, Don Antonio Gonzalez, Don Juan Arevalo, Don
Ramon Delfino, Don Honorio Tiengea, Don Francisco del Rosario, Don
Epifanio Saguil, Don Ladislao Afable Jose, Don Sixto Rolian, Don Luis
de Lara, Don Marcelo Basa, Don Jose Medina, Don Epifanio Ciriaia, Don
Pastor Lopez de Leon, Don Mariano de los Santos, Don Santiago Garcia,
Don Claudio Tria Tirona, Don Estanislao Tria Tirona, Don Daniel Tria
Tirona, Don Andrés Tria Tirona, Don Carlos Tria Tirona, Don Sulpicio P.
Antony, Don Epitasio Asuncion, Don Catalino Ramon, Don Juan Bordador,
Don José del Rosario, Don Riverso Pulido, Don José Maria del Rosario,
Don Ramon Magcanes, Don Antonio Calingo, Don Pedro Mendiola, Don
Estanislao Calingo, Don Numercano Castilla, Don Federico Toma Cruz, Don
Teodoro Yates, Don Ladislao Dina, los cuales juraron solemnemente
reconocerla y defenderla hasta la última gota de nuestra sangre. Por
esto lo cual extiendo la presente Acta que forman conmigo los
concurrentes en este acto como asi mismo el único extranjero Subdito
Norteameriacano Mr. L. M. Johnson Coronel de Artilleria que asistió a
el mismo de que certifica.
“Declaration of Philippine Independence, 12 June 1898 [translated from the original Spanish text].”
In the town of Cavite-Viejo (=Kawit), Province of Cavite, this 12th day of June 1898: BEFORE ME, Ambrosio Rizanzares Bautista,
War Counsellor and Special Delegate designated to proclaim and
solemnize this Declaration of Independence by the Dictatorial
Government of the Philippines, pursuant .to, and by virtue of, a Decree
issued by the Egregious Dictator Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy,
The
undersigned assemblage of military chiefs and others of the army who
could not attend, as well as the representatives of the various towns,
Taking
into account the fact that the people of this country are already tired
of bearing the ominuos yoke of Spanish domination,
Because
of arbitrary arrests and abuses of the Civil Guards who cause deaths in
connivance with and even under the express orders of their superior
officers who at times would order the shooting of those placed under
arrest under the pretext that they attempted to escape in violation of
known Rules and Regulations, which abuses were left unpunished, and
because of unjust deportations of illustrious Filipinos, especially
those decreed by General Blanco (=Ramon Blanco)2
at the instigation of the Archbishop and the friars interested in
keeping them in ignorance for egoistic and selfish ends, which
deportations were carried out through processes more execrable than
those of the Inquisition which every civilized nation repudiates as a
trial without hearing,
Had resolved to start a revolution
in August 1896 in order to regain the independence and sovereignty of
which the people had been deprived by Spain through Governor Miguel Lopez de Legazpiwho,
continuing the course followed by his predecessor Ferdinand Magellan
who landed on the shores of Cebu and occupied said Island by means of a
Pact of Friendship with Chief Tupas, although he was killed in battle that took place in said shores to which battle he was provoked by Chief Kalipu-lako3 of Mactan who suspected his evil designs, landed on the Island of Bohol by entering also into a Blood Compact with its Chief Sikatuna,
with the purpose of later taking by force the Island of Cebu, and
because his successor Tupas did not allow him to occupy it, he went to
Manila, the capital, winning likewise the friendship of its Chiefs
Soliman (=Sulayman) and Lakandula, later taking possession of the city and the whole Archipelago in the name of Spain by virtue of an order of King Philip II,
and with these historical precedents and because in international law
the prescription established by law to legalize the vicious acquisition
of private property is not recognized, the legitimacy of such
revolution can not be put in doubt which was calmed but not completely
stifled by the pacification proposed by Don Pedro A. Paterno with Don Emilio Aguinaldo as President of the Republic established in Biak-na-Bato and accepted by Governor-General Don Fernando Primo de Rivera
under terms, both written and oral, among them being a general amnesty
for all deported and convicted persons; that by reason of the
non-fulfillment of some of the terms, after the destruction of the
Spanish Squadron by the North American Navy, and bombardment of the
plaza of Cavite, Don Emilio Aguinaldo returned in order to initiate a
new revolution and no sooner had he given the order to rise on the 31st
of last month when several towns anticipating the revolution, rose in
revolt on the 28th, such that a Spanish contingent of 178 men, between
Imus and Cavite-Viejo, under the command of a major of the Marine
Infantry capitulated, the revolutionary movement spreading like wild
fire to other towns of Cavite and the other provinces of Bataan,
Pampanga, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna, and Morong, some of them with
seaports and such was the success of the victory of our arms, truly
marvelous and without equal in the history of colonial revolutions that
in the first mentioned province only the Detachments in Naic and Indang
remained to surrender; in the second, all Detachments had been wiped
out; in the third, the resistance of the Spanish forces was localized
in the town of San Fernando where 'the greater part of them are
concentrated, the remainder in Macabebe, Sexmoan (=Sasmuan), and
Guagua; in the fourth, in the town of Lipa; in the fifth, in the
capital and in Calumpit; and in the last two remaining provinces, only
in their respective capitals, and the city of Manila will soon be
besieged by our forces as well as the provinces of Nueva Ecija, Tarlac,
Pangasinan, La Union, Zambales, and some others in the Visayas where
the revolution at the time of the pacification and others even before,
so that the independence of our country and the revindication of our
sovereignty is assured.
And
having as witness to the rectitude of our intentions the Supreme Judge
of the Universe, and under the protection of the Powerful and
Humanitarian Nation, the United States of America, we do hereby
proclaim and declare solemnly in the name and by authority of the
people of these Philippine Islands,
That
they are and have the right to be free and independent; that they have
ceased to have any allegiance to the Crown of Spain; that all political
ties between them are and should be completely severed and annulled;
and that, like other free and independent States, they enjoy the full
power to make War and Peace, conclude commercial treaties, enter into
alliances, regulate commerce, and do all other acts and things which an
Independent State has a right to do,
And
imbued with firm confidence in Divine Providence, we hereby mutually
bind ourselves to support this Declaration with our lives, our
fortunes, and with our most sacred possession, our Honor.
We
recognize, approve, and ratify, with all the orders emanating from the
same, the Dictatorship established by Don Emilio Aguinaldo whom we
revere as the Supreme Head of this Nation, which today begins to have a
life of its own, in the conviction that he has been the instrument
chosen by God, inspite of his humble origin, to effectuate the
redemption of this unfortunate country as foretold by Dr. Don Jose Rizal
in his magnificent verses which he composed in his prison cell prior to
his execution, liberating it from the Yoke of Spanish domination,
And
in punishment for the impunity with which the Government sanctioned the
commission of abuses by its officials, and for the unjust execution of
Rizal and others who were sacrificed in order to please the insatiable
friars in their hydropical thirst for vengeance against and
extermination of all those who oppose their Machiavellian ends,
trampling upon the Penal Code of these Islands, and of those suspected
persons arrested by the Chiefs of Detachments at the instigation of the
friars, without any form nor semblance of trial and without any
spiritual aid of our sacred Religion; and likewise, and for the same
ends, eminent Filipino priests, Doctor Don Jose Burgos, Don Mariano Gomez, and Don Jacinto Zamora
were hanged whose innocent blood was shed due to the intrigues of these
so-called Religious corporations which made the authorities to believe
that the military uprising at the fort of San Felipe in Cavite on the
night of January 21, 1872 was instigated by those Filipino martyrs,
thereby impeding the execution of the decree-sentence issued by the
Council of State in the appeal in the administrative case interposed by
the secular clergy against the Royal Orders that directed that the
parishes under them within the jurisdiction of this Bishopric be turned
over to the Recollects in exchange for those controlled by them in
Mindanao which were to be transferred to the Jesuits, thus revoking
them completely and ordering the return of those parishes, all of which
proceedings are on file with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to which
they are sent last month of last year for the issuance of the proper
Royal Degree which, in turn, caused the growth of the tree of liberty
in our dear land that grew more and more through the iniquitous
measures of oppression, until the last drop from our chalice of
suffering having been drained, the first spark of revolution broke out
in Caloocan, spread out to Santamesa and continued its course to the
adjoining regions of the province where the unequalled heroism of its
inhabitants fought a onesided battle against superior forces of General
Blanco and General Polavieja (=Camilo de Polavieja)4 for a period of three months, without proper arms nor ammunitions, except bolos, pointed bamboos, and arrows.
Moreover,
we confer upon our famous Dictator Don Emilio Aguinaldo all the powers
necessary to enable him to discharge the duties of Government,
including the prerogatives of granting pardon and amnesty,
And,
lastly, it was resolved unanimously that this Nation, already free and
independent as of this day, must use the same flag which up to now is
being used, whose design and colors are found described in the attached
drawing, the white triangle signifying the distinctive emblem of the
famous Society of the "Katipunan"
which by means of its blood compact inspired the masses to rise in
revolution; the three stars, signifying the three principal Islands of
this Archipelago-Luzon, Mindanao, and Panay where this revolutionary
movement started; the sun representing the gigantic steps made by the
sons of the country along the path of Progress and Civilization; the
eight rays, signifying the eight provinces—Manila, Cavite, Bulacan,
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna, and Batangas — which declared
themselves in a state of war as soon as the first revolt was initiated;
and the colors of Blue, Red, and White, commemorating the flag of the
United States of North America, as a manifestation of our profound
gratitude towards this Great Nation for its disinterested protection
which it lent us and continues lending us.
And
holding up this flag of ours, I present it to the gentlemen here
assembled — Don Segundo Arellano, Don Tiburcio del Rosario, Sergio
Matias, Don Agapito Zialcita, Don Flaviano Alonzo, Don Mariano Legazpi,
Don Jose Turiano Santiago y Acosta, Don Aurelio Tolentino, Don Felix
Ferrer, Don Felipe Buencamino, Don Fernando Canon Faustino, (Hijo), Don
Anastacio Pinzun, Don Timoteo Bernabe, Don Flaviano Rodriguez, Don
Gavino (?) Masancay, Don Narciso Mayuga, Don Gregorio Villa, Don Luis
Perez Tagle, Don Canuto Celestino, Don Marcos Jocson, Don Martin de los
Reyes, Don Ciriaco Bausa, Don Manuel Santos, Don Mariano Toribio, Don
Gabriel. Reyes, Don Hugo Lim, Don Emiliano Lim, Don Fausto Tinorio (?),
Don Rosendo Simon, Don Leon Tanjanque (?), Don Gregorio Bonifacio, Don
Manuel Salafranca, Don Simon Villareal, Don Calixto Lara, Don
Buenaventura Toribio, Don Zacarias Fajardo, Don Florencio Manalo, Don
Roman Gana, Don Marcelino Gomez, Don Valentin Polintan, Don Felix
Polintan, Don Evaristo Di-malanta, Don Gregorio Alvarez, Don Sabas de
Guzman, Don Esteban Francisco, Don Guido Yaptinchay, Don Mariano
Rianzares Bautista, Don Francisco Arambulo, Don Antonio Gonzalez, Don
Juan Arevalo, Don Ra-mon Delfino, Don Honorio Tiongco, Don Francisco
del Rosario, Don Epifanio Saguil, Don Ladislao Afable Jose, Don Sixto
Roldan, Don Luis de Lara, Don Marcelo Basa, Don Jose Medina, Don
Epifanio Cirisia (?), Don Pastor Lopez de Leon, Don Mariano de los
Santos, Don Santiago Garcia, Don Claudio Tria Tirona, Don Estanislao
Tria Tirona, Don Daniel Tria Tirona, Don Andres Tria Tirona, Don Carlos
Tria Tirona, Don Sulpicio P. Antony, Don Epitacio Asuncion, Don
Catalino Ramon, Don Juan Bor-dador, Don Jose del Rosario, Don Proceso
Pulido, Don Jose Maria del Rosario, Don Ramon Magcamco (?), Don Antonio
Calingo, Don Pedro Mendiola, Don Estanislao Galinco, Don Numeriano
Castillo, Don Federico Tomacruz, Don Teodoro Yatco, Don Ladislao Diwa
(?).
Who solemnly swear to recognize and defend it unto the last drop of their blood.
In
witness thereof, I certify that this Act of Declaration of Independence
was signed by me and by all those here assembled including the only
stranger who attended those proceedings, a citizen of the U.S.A., Mr.
L. M. Johnson, a Colonel of Artillery.
