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| Published: Dec.31.2007 @ 10:44 pm
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Recruiter Roundtable: Job Resolutions for 2008
Yahoo! HotJobs The Recruiter Roundtable is a monthly feature that collects career and job-seeking advice from a group of recruiting experts throughout the United States. The question we put before our panel this month is:
What New Year resolution would you like to see job-seekers make in 2008?
Improve Your Skills Professionals should resolve to continue enhancing their skill sets and marketability. Start by determining where you want to be at the end of 2008 and list action steps you'll need to take to achieve your objective. Also identify the attributes in short supply in the marketplace, and build your abilities in these areas. This will help you not only stand out during the job search but also thrive once you're on the job. By continually strengthening your abilities and gaining new expertise, you will move forward on the road to success. -- DeLynn Senna, executive director of North American permanent placement services, Robert Half International
Stick With Your Values Seek out an organization that has the culture and values that are important to you. All too often, we focus on the job itself and don't pay enough attention to the organization. If you're starting a job search in 2008, make a commitment to find an organization that aligns with your personal needs. In the long term, you'll be much happier in your new role and a greater asset to your organization. -- Janice Renock, vice president of North American recruiting, the Capital Group Companies
Do Not Burn Bridges Do not let a company check your references and make you an offer if you know you will not take the job. It leaves a very negative impression about your professionalism and intentions. Every person you meet in your job search is a new connection and you mustn't burn bridges in the process. Today's interviewer could be tomorrow's employer, customer, or competitor. -- Lindsay Olson, partner, Paradigm Staffing
Present Like a Pro Join your industry association and volunteer to be a greeter at the next event so that you can meet all the movers and shakers in your field. Join a local Toastmaster's Club and learn how to present like a pro. By the end of the year you just may be the featured speaker at your next industry association event. Invite your boss to the event and see what happens at review time! -- Cheryl Ferguson, recruiter, The Recruiter's Studio
Align With Your Strengths I would like to see job-seekers stand for happiness in the job by searching for a job that corresponds with their strengths and personality. We see that's where it goes wrong. Do not accept jobs (or colleagues) that do not correspond with who you are. Furthermore do not engage in activities that are not aligned with your strengths. -- Yves Lermusi, CEO, Checkster
Speak Up! Don't be afraid to say to the recruiter that something's not working or talk about concerns or questions that you have. Even if you've decided that you don't like something about the company, the role, or the process, it behooves you to communicate that as clearly as you know how. And I want to echo my statement from last year: Hold out for your dream job. Either you'll find it or it may find you! -- Ross Pasquale, owner, Monday Ventures
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| Published: Nov.04.2007 @ 9:48 pm
| Last edited: Apr.12.2008 @ 3:56 am |
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Listening [
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| Published: Jun.23.2007 @ 7:15 pm
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| June 22, 2007 |
| oyoung wenfeng: i want to bring our people home |
| By Sylvia Tan |
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| Ordained as a pastor at the Metropolitan Community Church in New York in May, Oyoung Wenfeng, an award-winning Malaysian journalist and columnist, tells Fridae about coming out as a gay man and his plans to set up an all-inclusive church in Malaysia in 2010. |
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Oyoung Wenfeng, a columnist for Fridae’s Chinese web site and author of 15 books including Is Present the Future? An Asian Gay Man’s Coming Out Journey, has become the first openly gay Malaysian pastor after being ordained on May 27 at the Metropolitan Community Church in New York.
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| op of the page: a news clipping from the Singtao newspaper about the ordination of Oyoung Wenfeng at the Metropolitan Community Church in New York. Oyoung came out last year in his book Is Present the Future? An Asian Gay Man’s Coming Out Journey. |
Now a doctoral student in Theology at Boston University, Oyoung was a well-known award-winning columnist and journalist in Malaysia, before making the news himself when he launched his book about his coming out journey last August in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.
The 37-year-old, who’s childhood ambition was to be a Christian minister, explains why he thinks it is necessary for one to come out in order to lead a complete life regardless of one’s religious beliefs; and rebuts criticism of him not coming out sooner while he wrote positively about gay issues in his columns in a Malaysian Chinese newspaper.
ć: Can you tell readers about your journey there? Was being a Christian minister something you’ve always wanted?
Wenfeng: Yes to both your questions. But I am 37 years old, I have long history to tell, are you sure you have the patience? I’ve always known I’m called to the Christian ministry and always wanted to be a Christian minister. It is my passion to study theology and to teach the Bible. I was born in a Christian family, a third generation of Chinese immigrants in Malaysia. I have participated in Church life since I was four years old.
In 1990, I attended private college and studied journalism while going to evening classes at a seminary. My 21st year was the turning point in my life. It was then that I began writing social commentary in newspapers and also preaching in different churches. Like so many gay Christians who are taught to believe that homosexuality is an abomination, I was willing to try every means to change.
I met a wonderful woman when I was 25. I really liked her. I kind of came out to her before our first date. I say “kind of” because I didn’t even come out to myself then. Like so many Christians fundamentalists, I believed being homosexual was a behaviour, and so I could choose not to be gay. I believed she was an angel sent by God to get rid of my gayness. We were married the next year. Nine years later, we had both learned more about sexuality and theology in the United States. Even though we had a relatively perfect marriage, something was missing in our heterosexual relationship. And we had to be brutally honest with ourselves: it had everything to do with my sexuality. We both knew that I was gay. She has been amazingly supportive. After all these years, I know she is indeed my angel who sent by God, not to get rid of my gayness, but to help me to embrace my sexuality. It was a painful experience for us to finally break up, for the reason is not because we don’t love each other, but quite the opposite. We love each other so much that we have no choice but to let the one we love to go freely. Today, we are best friends and soul mates.
At the age of 27, I won several literature and journalism awards, and consequently won a scholarship to study in the United States. My three years of experience in the journalism in Malaysia had taught me substantive lessons. I realised that in order to be a better journalist, I needed to grasp the sociological imagination that would enable me to see how individual experiences are connected to the larger society and the connection between personal and public issues. My intellectual training in sociology helps me to understand that the changes that affect our personal lives requires us to look beyond our private experiences to the larger political, social, and economic issues that affect our lives and the lives of others in our society and around the world.
I strongly believe that religion is not only deeply affected by social change, religions have also acted as igniters of social change or even revolution. Theologies arise and grow from the challenges of change and interaction. I believe my career as a journalist has given me the real-world experience to make me an acute sociologist and minister. Additionally, my academic roots in sociology has made me a more observant writer and theologian.
I was the first journalist in my company to be granted the scholarship to study in the United States, and the first to lose it when I spoke against the monopoly enterprise of my employer. I upheld the integrity of journalism and paid the price. The memory of my calling to the ministry came to my mind and captured my attention when I left the newspaper. I was caught by the memory, and I knew it was the time for me to pursue my theological studies and to prepare to be an ordained minister. So, I did a Masters degree in theological studies and here I am.
ć: You are also notably the first Chinese writer/columnist in Malaysia to come out publicly when you launched your autobiography My Journey last year. When did you first realise you were gay?
Wenfeng: This is a tough question. I knew I liked men, but it took long time to identify myself as a gay man. I used to think I was bi, because it made me felt better about myself. But of course I want to emphasise here I am only talking about my own experience, it doesn’t mean every man who identifies himself as bi is a gay man in disguise. To me, to know thyself is the most important lesson and knowledge, and it is a spiritual journey. I really know I am gay when I was 31 years old. Because the desire to make love to a man was just overwhelming, I am gay and there is no way to argue otherwise.
ć: Growing up Christian, was there any conflict and what steps did you take to resolve those issues?
Wenfeng: Of course there was. If you are a non-Christian and you are gay and you feel it is difficult to come to terms with who you really are, imagine gay Christians experience doubly your anxiety and fear. Not only does society think you are weird, but the Church and the Bible say you are damn wrong and the Bible is everything to you, how would you survive? It is a miracle indeed to see how many gay Christians have survived. We are not only surviving, but we have been empowered by the same religion that condemns us and we have been empowered enough to come out loud and proud and to stand up tall to fight for gay rights and our people. It is just amazing. It is a miracle!
ć: What was coming out to your family and wife like?
Wenfeng: Coming out to my wife is the hardest. But since before I dated her, I already told her I have had sex with men, but I didn’t think I was gay because I believed homosexual was wrong and I could change. I was a Christian fundamentalist then. So, after being married for six years, even though we have perfect marriage, something was missing and we both know what was that. I love her, and still do. I know I will not be really happy if she is not happy. I hated to get a divorce. But I had no choice. I had to come out to her if I really loved her. So, I came out to her. She has been extremely supportive, and helped me to come out to others, to be who I am. I owe my life to her. Coming out to mum was difficult, Chinese don’t really talk about sex, and when you talk about homosexuality, people automatically think about sex. But I am glad I wrote the book of my coming out story, so I called her and told her I was gay and asked her to read the book if she wanted to know more about my journey. She did. In the beginning she didn’t know which one was worse, I am gay or I divorced. My sister was very supportive so she helped my mum to recover from the shock. After that she was more concerned about my book for being so x-rated, because I wrote about my sexual experience. But after a while, shock therapy helps. She read my book and saw my point.
ć: Given that homosexuality is not frequently discussed in the Malaysian media, what made you decide to come out and what are the challenges and responses from the community?
Wenfeng: Well, I am a Christian. I believe in truth and I live in hope. And I just want to do the right thing. I am also a sociologist by training, I know in order to promote social change, it is not only about good idea or message; it is about people. We need people to live the message, to practice what we believe on daily basis. How could I talk about gay pride and encourage people to come out if I am still in the closet? It doesn’t make sense to me at all. And the best way to help society see gay people as being as normal as straight folks, and that gays and lesbians are not psychopaths, is not to talk about how good gay people are but to show them how a real gay or lesbian person looks like. So, I have to come out. The responses are mixed. I don’t really focus on that so I can’t really tell you how were the responses. Other people might have better answers to this question. But, personally, I have received a lot of emails from my readers. I have written 15 books, but no one book has the elicited response like my coming out book. Many gay and lesbians have written to me, they share their stories with me and tell me how they appreciate my book and how I have encouraged them and I have given them hope. I am overwhelmed with joy. If I could bring hope to only one person, to help him or her to sleep well tonight and be happy with himself/herself without any guilt and shame, I will trade my life for doing that. Nothing, nothing will make me happier than seeing one soul, even is just only one soul is comforted and at peace with himself/herself. Because of that, I don’t really focus on negative responses. I think I lost some friends. But if he refuses to be my friend after I am honest with him about who I really am, I guess he is not really my friend in the first place. So, I am ok with it.
My mum has been very supportive. She believes in me. And she believes in God. So even though she has heard some nasty remarks from some Christians, she has learned not to pay much attention to them. I always call her from New York and encourage her. I say to her “mum, we are doing something important, you know, by coming out, I can encourage and help people to come out, so that in the future, millions of mum don’t have to suffer the unnecessary pain simply because they have a gay son or a lesbian daughter.” She sees my point.
ć: How do think has being in New York helped in the process?
Wenfeng: New York is a great city. It has a huge gay community. By seeing so many gay men and queer people are proud to be queer. I have learned to be more comfortable with myself. It is why coming out is so important. Action speaks louder than words. We have been taught to hate ourselves for so long, it takes time to come out to ourselves, and then to our friends, and then to our family members. But we have to make the first step. In New York, I have witnessed the gay movement in the city and in the United States, step by step, mile by mile, we will get there.
ć: Prior to coming out, you have for a long time written very empathetically about LGBTs in your columns in the Malaysian mainstream media while being married to a woman. Some readers have criticised you for not coming out earlier, how do you respond to that?
Wenfeng: This is interesting, because those who criticise me mostly are those who are still in the closet. They don’t come out to their family, and yet criticising me for not coming out publicly sooner. Yes, I have written very empathetically about LGBT in my columns and engaged in some paper battles with religious fundamentalists before I came out publicly. By the way, I don’t think three years is that long a time. Coming out is a process, I began to fight for queer people once I come out to myself, I didn’t even wait a second, because people are suffering, I see it as a matter of life and death. But I couldn’t come out publicly immediately then because I was a married man and I had to help my wife to “come out” too. It is not easy to be an openly gay man, and it is not easy to be a wife of a gay man. My ex-wife also had to figure out how to talk to her family too, she has 10 siblings, some of them and most of her relatives live in a fishing village. So imagine how much homework she had to do. She had also helped me to be comfortable with myself when I would sometimes ask silly things like: “can I choose not to be gay?” She would correct me and say, “it doesn’t matter what you choose, you are who you are.” We took three years to settle everything. It is amazingly quick. Had not my ex-wife been so supportive and brave and loving, I don’t think we could do it in three years. And remember, I didn’t only come out, I came out publicly. If those people could not even say three words “I am gay” to their mum in their room or on phone, it does not make sense to me that they criticise me for not coming out publicly soon enough. So, I can’t care less what they say about me.
ć: You have been in the US for a decade. How do you think (the Malaysian) society’s attitude towards homosexuality and LGBTs have changed during this time?
Wenfeng: It is difficult to give a sentence or two or to generalise what is the Malaysian society’s attitude toward homosexuality. It is because Malaysian society is not a homogenous entity. Malay culture is very different from Chinese culture, both of them are not the same as Indian culture. And even within Chinese community, those who are Chinese educated are not really the same as those who are English educated or Malay educated. In addition to that, religious belief also plays an important role in shaping people attitude toward homosexuality.
My experience is that the Chinese community seems to be more tolerant than the Malay community. At least the Chinese who are not Christians do not think you will go to hell or you are immoral if you are gay. They might think you are kind of abnormal but most of them believe that since you are born to be gay, what can we do? Chinese newspapers or media in Malaysia have been extremely supportive to gay people. They publish my articles, invite me to radio and talk shows, of course I don’t only talk about gay issues, but since I am so loud and proud, most people only see me as a gay man instead of a sociologist or a writer. I hope people will begin to see me as a Christian minister. Anyway, my point is, they don’t discriminate because of my sexual orientation. Since I left for the United States 10 years ago, I now find there are more gay clubs or gay bars than before. Even gay saunas, which I’ve never heard of 10 years ago. I really hope that by having more people coming out and talking about sexuality, our society will get more comfortable talking about homosexuality. And it will help to change the society to understand since they are many real gay people around you, gay people is not really abnormal. We are not the majority in terms of numbers, but we are normal. We are as intelligent as straight people, if not more. And I believe people begin to see that.
ć: How did Malaysians (gay and non-gay) react to your coming out last year given the media exposure your book launch received?
Wenfeng: I think it was pretty good. Even those who are anti-gay thought it was exciting news. You know, Malaysia is so hot and boring; it could put people to sleep if nothing like this happens. I stirred up the society, at least the Chinese community.
ć: Has there been any negative consequences for yourself and the gay community in Malaysia so far? Do you encourage more Malaysians to come out to their family and friends and what should they be mindful of?
Wenfeng: Negative consequences? Not that I know of. What else could be worse than hiding in closet and denying who we are? Yes, I encourage queer people to come out. It is the only way we could help people to understand us and fear us not. And ironically, the best way for us to overcome fear is to face our fear and to come out. That said, we need to be mindful too. First, we don’t have to come out to everyone over night. We come out to ourselves first. We don’t have to pretend we are straight like talking about our “girlfriend” or say we are going to gay club because “we want to do research.” You could test the degree of acceptance of you family members by putting a copy of my coming out book in your coffee table for your intended target to pick up. You know what, I have learned that one of the most common experiences of a lot of openly gay people is that coming out is not as horrible as we used to think when we were in the closet.
ć: How has the mainstream Malaysian society and Christian circles responded to the news of your ordination?
Wenfeng: Well, it has just only been days since they read the news. I bet they haven’t figured out how to react. A lot of anti-gay people in Malaysia are slow, no pun intended.
ć: Is there an emerging vocal anti-gay Christian lobby in Malaysia which we are seeing in the US, Hong Kong and Singapore? And how do you think the gay community should respond should it emerge as a vocal anti-gay voice?
Wenfeng: To your first question, I don’t think so. At least not as vocal as in US, Hong Kong and Singapore. The US is the worst. We are so fortunate to live in Hong Kong and Singapore. In some places in US, you could be beaten up or killed simply because you are gay. A lot of Asians envy gay people in the West, but do they know the price gay people in US have paid? How we should respond? Fight back! Come out and tell them: We are queer and we are here; if you hate us, too bad, you better get used to us.
ć: What are your future plans? Do you see yourself being more involved in Malaysia?
Wenfeng: I will move back to Malaysia in 2010. I want to build a Church in Malaysia that welcomes everyone. I have attended Metropolitan Community Church (MCCNY) since I came to New York in 2001. I will never forget my first experience there. I immediately recognised something of my faith, spiritual culture and sexuality in my first service at MCCNY. I felt I was coming home. I found myself a lot closer to God than I had ever expected to be. The gasp I let out when I sat in the church with my queer siblings still returns to my throat at times. With it comes a train of thoughts leading me to realise that no matter what others say about us, I know God is with us. And I want to build a church in which our community and worship flow and have coherence and integrity as I have found in MCCNY. It is my dream indeed to offer a ministry and guidance to people in Malaysia, especially queer people, in their struggles for human fulfillment, as well as intellectual, spiritual and emotional care. You know, a lot of gay people have no hometown, we are at home and yet do not feel at home because we cannot be who we are. Sometimes, we feel more at home in a foreign city which is far away from where we were raised and born. I want to build a church that is a spiritual home for everyone, queer or straight, Christians or non-Christians. When I first came to Metropolitan Community Church in New York, I felt like coming home. And since then, I know no one could stop me from coming home, and I want to bring our people home!  |
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| Related Articles |
| famed malaysian columnist, oyoung wenfeng, comes out in new book |
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| Oyoung Wenfeng: First openly gay Chinese pastor (Singtao newspaper, in Chinese) |
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| Published: May.20.2007 @ 11:25 am
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From the yahoogroup , to share with you.
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS FOR THOSE OVER FORTY or FIFTY YEARS OLD
> 1. Focus on enjoying people, not on indulging in or accumulating material things.
> 2. Plan to spend whatever you have saved. You deserve to enjoy it and the few healthy years you have left. Travel if you can afford it. Don't leave anything for your children or loved ones to quarrel about . By leaving anything, you may even cause more trouble when you are gone.
> 3. Live in the here and now, not in the yesterdays and tomorrows. It is only today that you can handle. Yesterday is gone, tomorrow may not even happen.
> 4. Enjoy your grandchildren ( if you are blessed with any ) but don't be their full time baby sitter. You have no moral obligation to take care of them! Don't have any guilt about refusing to baby sit anyone's kids, including your own grand kids. Your parental obligation is to your children. After you have raised them into responsible adults, your duties of child-rearing and babysitting are finished. Let your children raise their own off-springs.
> 5. Accept physical weakness, sickness and other physical pains. It is a part of the aging process. Enjoy whatever your health can allow.
> 6. Enjoy what you are and what you have right now. Stop working hard for what you do not have. If you do not have them, it's probably too late.
> 7. Just enjoy your life with your spouse, children, grandchildren and friends! People, who truly love you, love you for yourself, not for what you have. Anyone who loves you for what you have will just give you misery.
> 8. Forgive and accept forgiveness. Forgive yourself and others. Enjoy peace of mind and peace of soul.
> 9. Befriend death. It's a natural part of the life cycle. Don't be afraid of it. Death is the beginning of a new and better life. So, prepare yourself not for death but for a new life with the Almighty.
> 10. Be at peace with your Creator. For... He is all you have after you leave this life.
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| Published: Mar.17.2007 @ 12:29 pm
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The Star Online > Lifefocus
Saturday February 24, 2007
Ever wanted to know what the moles on your face mean? Who knows, they might even bring you luck. By DAPHNE LING
Moles have long been recognised as a beauty mark. Many people generally do not care about their moles (or the lack thereof), but it can be quite interesting to delve into the study of moles and what they mean.
A Chinese belief says that moles on the back signify trouble, while moles on the front are good luck.
During one visit to Aquaria KLCC, I got my caricature done by an art student. He was concentrating on the task at hand, his eyebrows all furrowed, when suddenly, he looked up and asked: ?I>Nak saya masukkan semua tahi lalat ke? Sebab tahi lalat you memang banyak!?(Do you want me to include all your moles? Because you seriously have a lot!)
I was dumbstruck, but later agreed to only include the more prominent ones.
He was right though. I think I have about 10 moles on my face alone, some very tiny, but I lose count.
Moles are also known as Melanocytic naevus, or nevi for short. They can be present at birth, or develop later in life. They however tend to disappear with age. According to some sources, moles have an average lifespan of 50 years!
Moles are also more prevalent in fair-skinned people, and exposure to sunlight can make moles appear.
They are not dangerous by nature, unless they begin to change in shape, size, colour, hurt or have a discharge. (See a doctor for any change in a mole.)
Moles on the face are sometimes considered a beauty mark, especially near the eyes or lips. Famous people with moles include Cindy Crawford, Marilyn Monroe, Goldie Hawn, and yes, Madonna.
People who study moles (Molesophy) insist that the location, shape, size and colour indicate your character, and ultimately, your future.
Moles on the ear, along with light-coloured moles, are considered lucky. According to my moles, I will lead a prosperous life, am well-settled, sensible, resilient, spirited, talented, honest, reliable, forthright, adventurous, love to travel (Yes, I do!), polite, and diligent.
However, the mole on my heel indicates that I make a lot of enemies and am prone to losing friends.
It is also said that people with moles on their cheeks are very serious. And seeing as I have four on my right cheek, that says something!
I have yet to find out what the moles along my shoulder bone refer to. Any takers?
What moles meanArms
Moles on arms indicate that the person is polite, diligent and will lead a happy married life.
If the mole is near the elbow, the man will need to struggle in life, and might also become a young widower.
For a woman, her problems relate to her occupation.
Armpits
A mole under the left arm indicates a great struggle early in life, which is well rewarded. Wealth makes later years pleasurable. A mole under the right arm shows that you need to be alert and cautious in matters of security.
Back
People with moles on their back are unreliable. With them, you must ensure that all facts are available before you enter any business negotiation.
Breast
A mole on the right breast indicates laziness, which may affect family life. You need to be assertive about your needs to enjoy the love and comfort of children.
A mole on the left breast belongs to active and energetic people, who generally get what they want in life.
Buttocks
People who have a mole on their buttocks are unambitious and will be reconciled to any mode of living.
Cheek
A mole on the cheek (either cheek) indicates a serious and studious person who has no interest in material pleasures.
Chin
A mole on either side of the chin indicates affectionate and caring people. These people adapt easily to any situation. They love travelling and respect the law of the land.
They are also dedicated and conscientious workers and willingly accept responsibilities.
Ear
People who are born with a mole on the ear are generally considered lucky.
Elbow
People who have moles on their elbow love to travel. They are adventurous and spirited.
Eye
If the mole is located on the outer corner of the eye, this indicates that the person is honest, reliable and forthright.
Eyebrow
If a mole is located on the right eyebrow, it signifies that these people will have a highly active life and will be successful in all ventures.
Finger
People who have a mole on their finger are dishonest and tend to grossly exaggerate.
Foot
People with a mole on their foot are easy going and laid-back. They need to exercise to stay healthy.
Forehead
People who have a mole on their forehead will be prosperous and well settled in life
Genitals
Mole on genitals lead to sexual addiction
Hand
People who have a mole on the hand are talented and make a success of their lives.
Heel
People who possess a mole on their heel make enemies easily and are prone to losing friends.
Hip
A mole on any part of the hip except the buttocks signifies that these people are contented, resilient and spirited.
Knee
A mole on the right knee implies that you are a friendly person. A mole on the left knee signifies that you lead an extravagant lifestyle.
Lips
People with a mole on their lips always aspire to get ahead in life.
Navel
A man who has a mole on his navel will be lucky in life. A woman, who has the same, desires children.
Neck
If the mole is on the front of the neck, it signifies unexpected good fortune. If it is on either side of the neck, it indicates an unreasonable temperament. A mole on the back of the neck indicates a person抯 desire to lead a simple life.
Nipple
If a man has a mole on the nipple, it indicates a fickle nature. For a woman, it indicates that she is striving for social status.
Nose
A mole on the nose belongs to a person who will be a sincere friend and a hard-working individual.
Shoulder
A mole on the right shoulder indicates a sensible, industrious individual.
Wrist
A mole on the wrist indicates that the person is frugal, ingenious and dependable. ? www.sheetudeep.com/moles.html
?1995-2005 Star Publications (Malaysia) Bhd (Co No 10894-D) |
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| Published: Feb.25.2007 @ 4:42 pm
| Last edited: Mar.05.2007 @ 10:03 am |
A good teacher is a class act
January 26 2003
My first teaching round almost killed me. Or should I say, almost killed her, and imprisoned me. "Don't step on their toes, be as helpful as possible, and be organised, diligent and respectful. Remember it's their class, not yours." I run my university lecturer's helpful hints through my mind as I assume the teaching table at the front of my very first class. Nerves are high, preparation high, confidence low. I glance at my supervising teacher hoping for an expression of assurance and belief, receive nothing, and so begin.
"Good morning, class. Today we will be investigating the method of including quotations in an analytical essay. Your studies of Montana 1948 should provide you with adequate familiarity of the novel to arrange a series of quotations based on these three areas: relationships, themes and issues.
" Yep, good stuff, Steve - clear, articulate and to the point. A wave of confidence consumes me and I dare my second glance at the supervisor, this time with a wry smile. I am, however, met with a completely different expression. The wave crashes down and my supervisor drowns me with an interruption, "I'm sorry Mr Fairbairn, but you are not meant to be teaching this material." Gulp. "I instructed you to teach the method of planning an analytical essay." Her beady eyes stare at me with accusation and challenge. Twenty-seven students join her scrutiny. Some look stunned, some even concerned, but most seem to be enjoying my new state of panic. I check the clock and realise that it's a double period and I have 118 minutes remaining. I take my third glance at the supervisor and swear that there's a smile lurking within her cold expression.
I'm now gainfully employed, having completed my first year of teaching, and am relishing six weeks ahead of paid summer holidays. Like most others I was of the opinion that teachers got it easy. Even through the trials and tribulations of my teaching rounds I was still firm in this belief. How wrong I was. Teaching is not what you'd expect. The commitment is beyond belief and beyond comprehension. And the respect for what we do, and for what is required of us to do it well, is lacking. It's a tough job and those who are really good at it are, to put it simply, amazing people.
But I'll refrain from digressing and maintain commitment to my chosen audience: future educators. If you're about to start your bachelor degree or diploma, apologise to your partner and loved ones in advance. Throughout your teaching rounds you will most likely be a nightmare to live with. And to those who have done their time and secured a job, first, I congratulate you and, second, I offer you some advice that might be more edifying than my old lecturer's:
1. A contract position equals your inability to say "no" to anything.
2. A permanent position equals the ability for you to say "no" to some things.
3. Saturday sport sucks - factor that into your decision.
4. You will receive, in your first year, the most undesired duties of the school (for example, Friday afternoon bus duty).
5. Start report writing early.
6. When ruefully engaged in a "backstabbing" session, smile, nod, agree and say nothing.
7. Don't slap the principal on the bum during the staff swimming race and say "Don't let the team down, mate."
8. Never lose focus that you are there for one reason: the students.
In all sincerity, teaching is truly a wonderful profession. I have learnt more in one year than in all my years put together. And most importantly, I've had a great time doing it.
Oh, and what happened on that fateful first class? It mattered not that I was right, she was wrong and that no apology was received. It was an invaluable learning experience for me and has ensured that while my preparation for teaching is high, it's useless without the ability to be flexible to the needs of others.
Stephen Fairbairn is a freelance writer and teacher of English, literature and drama. This story was found at: http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/01/25/1042911593407.html
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| Published: Feb.24.2007 @ 8:13 pm
| Last edited: Mar.16.2007 @ 10:28 pm |
The Star Online > Lifefocus
Saturday February 24, 2007
More than mere costume jewellery, beads hold social, economic and cultural meaning for Sarawak's indigenous folk.
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Jenette |
By LEONG SIOK HUI
AS a little girl growing up in Bario, Sarawak抯 Kelabit highlands, Datin Seri Garnette Jala Ridu would watch her mother string beads.
For the Kelabits, one of the smallest indigenous groups in Sarawak, beads were a big part of their lives. Garnette would count every single bead and knew by heart where her mother would place them. Her mother would regale her with the story of the beads.
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96-year-old Dayang Aran wearing a pata. |
揗y mother would say, 慏on抰 you ever sell the beads or give them away. Look after them??recalls the 50-year-old former English lecturer.
揂ll the beads I inherited from my mother are a link to my family and my grandparents whom I抳e never seen. The beads come with so much history.?
Kelabit beads
Like Garnette, most Kelabits today still treasure their bead tradition. The women don their prettiest bead necklaces, tie bead belts around their waists and sport pata (bead caps) for weddings, celebrations and other special occasions. The men will proudly wear their kabo (seed bead bobble) necklaces with their best suits or batik shirts.
But not any bead will do. The most valued beads are the ba抩 rawir (drinking straw bead used in the pata), alai maun (yellow peanut bead), let bayung (blue barrel bead), ba抩 burur (red carnelian spindle) and peppercorn beads that make up belts. Family heirlooms beads are priceless!
Origins of the beads
With the exception of beads made from bones, teeth and pebbles found in archaeological sites, most Borneo beads ?whether Kelabit, Kayan, Kenyah or Bidayuh ?are imports, as Heidi Munan, Sarawak Museum抯 curator of beads pointed out in her Beads of Borneo book.
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Heidi |
Since 500 AD, beads have reached Borneo through trade. By the 12th century, Chinese beads arrived in South-East Asia and, by the 19th century, Dutch and English explorers brought Venetian and Bohemian beads.
揂n ancient Kelabit headhunting song says that strangers came to buy pork and sell beads,?says Heidi, who has been studying Sarawak抯 material culture for more than 30 years now.
揟he oldest ba抩 rawir were found in an Early Metal Age site in Sabah.拻
Beads as a status symbol
In the olden days, the Kelabit were stratified; they had their aristocrats, the middle class and lower class (or slaves). Certain beads were considered status symbols.
揑f your family owned the let bayung and alai maun, you were definitely an aristocrat,?says Dayang Aran, 96, of Bario.
Fondly known as Tepu?Apung, she easily lists the names of all the different beads woven into a pata.
揥hen I was young, there were only six families from several longhouses who owned the pata,?recalls Tepu?
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Mariam. ?RAPAEE KAWI, APOI NGIMAT, ABDUL RAHMAN SENIN & LEONG SIOK HUI/The Star and JENETTE ULUN |
Because they are isolated, the Kelabits were more clannish and status conscious in the old days, Heidi explains. The lower class was not allowed to wear certain motifs, or even beads.
I抦 going to sing a ballad of ba抩 let kirat, and I抦 going to sing a ballad of ba抩 let bayung valued by the wealthy . . . Garnette softly sings an old ballad in the Kelabit language. She started wearing pata to school when she was 13.
揑 knew it was valuable and that it was a status symbol, I suppose that was why my mother wanted me to wear it,?says the mother of three sons, who now lives in Kuching.
揑 was conscious of that fact because not many people had a pata.?
After she grew up, Garnette left Bario and ventured out to see the world.
揂s our world opens up, what was once a symbol of wealth in the traditional society is no longer relevant,?says Garnette. 揙nce you抳e travelled, you realise where the beads have come from and what they are made of.
Objects of beauty
With her tattooed eyebrows, dangling earrings and bead necklace, Tepu?strikes one as someone who takes care of her appearance.
揥hen I was young, we used to wear the pata and necklace when we travelled to different villages or for special celebrations,?recalls Tepu? who now lives alone in a house built by her late husband.
She used to have elongated earlobes, the typical fashion of Kelabit women in the past, but she cut them off when she was in her 30s due to pressure from a relative.
揥e were supposed to look modern,挃 she says with a sigh.
Another avid bead enthusiast and collector, Datin Seri Mariam Balan Seling of Bario recalls her yonger days in the highlands.
揥hen there was a party in a different village, we would get excited and dress up with beads and the pata,?says Mariam, who now lives in Kuching.
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Let Bayong (blue barrel beads) with a Kabo (red sead bead bobble) at the end. |
揋irls who didn抰 own any bead necklaces would borrow from others just for that occasion.?
During courtship, lovers would exchange bead necklaces to 搕ell the world?they belong to each other.
Traditional customs
In the past, aristocrats would buy or exchange slaves with different families and use beads as a form of payment, Heidi adds.
揑f you抳e been captured in a tribal war, your family will have to use beads as ransom payment. Kelabits also used beads for agricultural rites to bless the planting, harvesting etc.?
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Alai Maun (yellow peanut beads). |
The value of beads
Jenette Ulun of Bario remembers her father travelling to Lawas in the 1970s to buy beads with buffaloes and money. Today, anyone with money can own the pricey, antique beads if they can find them.
揃ut there are only a specific number of antique beads circulating in the market or owned by collectors today,?says Jenette, a handicraft retailer in Bario who is also known for her exquisite beadwork. Many beads were sold, traded or lost in longhouse fires.
揌owever, most old beads will stay in the family as heirlooms. Few people will think of selling them unless they face financial difficulties,?says Mariam, a homemaker.
揑 would be wary of strangers who claim to have old beads for sale. Some people dig up graves and steal the beads buried with the dead (an old tradition).?nbsp;
Today, few Kelabits like Jenette can weave a pata skillfully. She sells 搉ew?bead caps produced by bead makers in Kalimantan. A new cap costs between RM800 and RM1,000, while an antique one is valued at about RM30,000.
Tourists often buy the pata as souvenirs or Kelabit parents will buy them for use in cultural performances, Jenette says.
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Lukut (rosette beads). |
Keeping the tradition alive
Will the next Kelabit generation carry on the bead tradition?
揥hen my eldest son got married, I gave a (bead) belt to my daughter-in-law. I also wrote a short story about where the beads came from,?says Garnette.
揌opefully, this handwritten note will tell her what the beads are to us ?a link to my grandmother.?
揂nd what makes the beads Kelabit? The way we value them, wear them and hand them down to our children,?sums up Garnette, who collects beads from all over the world.
揑 will pass down the beads to my grandchildren one day and tell them stories of the beads. The beads will be their link to me and the Kelabits in Borneo.?
Source: Munan, Heidi Beads of Borneo; Editions Diedier Millet; 2005
Real or fake?Miri-based antique dealer Agnes Ngu has been trading Borneo beads for 25 years.
揑t抯 really hard to find these old beads now because many foreigners are taking them home,?says Ngu, 50, who sources beads from locals or Indonesians from Kalimantan.
Some of the antique and rare lukut (rosette beads) can fetch up to RM1,000 each while the more common ones go for RM200-RM350 each.
Tradition or not, the bead business is indeed lucrative, and with the proliferation of replicas and new beads in the market, it is difficult to ascertain the authenticity of an antique bead.
Bead enthusiasts and collectors, Datin Seri Mariam Balan Seling and Datin Seri Garnette Jala Ridu, have come up with an initiative to 揷ertify?antique beads for the Kelabit community.
揥e want to document these authentic beads and present a 慶ertificate of authentication?to the owners,?says Garnette, who plans to launch their project sometime this year.
The beads will be certified by the village chief and the head of the Kelabit Settlement, called the Pemanca.
But Heidi Munan, the curator of beads for Sarawak Museum, cautions it is not easy to tell the difference between old and new beads.
揑n theory, you can analyse the glass but that would mean smashing up the beads ?no-one wants to do that, or you can run the beads through an Xray,拻 says Heidi.
揈xperts can also look at the bead colours and tell how old they are. For instance, really bright red beads have only been possible since the introduction of Selanium oxide in the 1900s. So, muted-coloured beads would be produced before that time.
But even muted tones could still be faked.拻揑n the end,?admits Garnette, 搃t抯 going to be a question of honour and integrity.
Even with certification, there抯 no guarantee people will not insert new beads.?nbsp;
揃ut while the old people are still alive, they are the ones who know the bead history. We could at least preserve that before it抯 too late.?nbsp;
Related Stories: Beads are cool!
?1995-2005 Star Publications (Malaysia) Bhd (Co No 10894-D) The Star Online > Lifefocus
Saturday February 24, 2007
If you think wearing traditional beads is old-fashioned, meet David Lian Labang (pic) ?the epitome of cool with his funky bead ornaments on.
David, 29, has been wearing bead necklaces since he was old enough to understand that the beads identify him as a Kelabit boy. Born in Kuching, David grew up in a household that placed importance on traditions and customs.
When he was nine, he picked up cultural dancing. By 13, he was performing at state and national events.
揂s a key performer for the Orang Ulu dance, I had to wear beads with my traditional gear,?recalls David, now based in Bario and running the Labang Longhouse Homestay.
揑 used to hang out with my late grandma and watched her thread bead necklaces.?
When he turned 14, David抯 grandmother gave him a necklace of antique beads that has been in the family for generations.
揑 knew it was old and important to my grandma, so I took good care of it and kept it close to me,?says David, who also picked up beadwork skills from his grandmother.
揑n the 80s, it wasn抰 common for people to wear bead necklaces since they were not 憁odern?
揘ot many people know much about the Kelabit culture. My beads are an important fashion statement that pique curiosity. And it attracts the girls,?grins David.
He used to sport a red and black kabo (seed bead bobble) necklace every day.
揚eople would say, 慖t抯 nice and unique. Who made it for you???recalls David.
揑 would then explain that this is what Kelabit men used to wear in the old days and tell them about Kelabit beads or culture.?
When David抯 family moved to New Zealand for a few years in the 90s, he found his beads were in vogue.
揂t that time, only surfers would wear beads, which was considered really cool,?says David, who lived in New Zealand for nine years before moving back to Sarawak.
揚eople would ask, are you a surfer?
揥hen I give my beads to, say, my girlfriend, it gives her a 憇ense of belonging? She抣l have a better understanding of me and my culture,?says David, who is completing his degree programme in aviation management. ?nbsp;
揑f more of us (the younger generation) wear these beads, it抎 be like setting the trend. Perhaps that is one way of keeping our tradition alive.?nbsp;
Related Stories: A tale of beads
?1995-2005 Star Publications (Malaysia) Bhd (Co No 10894-D) |
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| Published: Oct.28.2006 @ 9:15 pm
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Well, if you know this lady, you would know who her husband is. Now here are some gossips about them
http://www.tianya.cn/publicforum/Content/funinfo/1/97229.shtml
『娱乐八卦』 [灰常点评]杨澜和吴征 脸皮比城墙拐弯还厚的一对虾米(转载) |
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| Published: Jun.26.2006 @ 5:08 pm
| Last edited: Jul.20.2006 @ 10:09 pm |
By Carmine Gallo BusinessWeek Online
We're at the peak of graduation season. I've already been to two and there's one more on the way. Although I'm thrilled for my family members who passed these milestones, I cringe during the two-hour-plus ceremonies whenever I see another long list of speakers, because I know one of them will violate the cardinal rule of any presentation -- keep it brief!
According to a recent Associated Press survey, Americans are running out of patience. We can't stand to wait more than five minutes on the phone, and we start fuming in long grocery lines. Acknowledge this reality in your talks, e-mails, phone calls, presentations, meetings, and any other type of professional communications by getting to the point. Fast.
To The Point Former GE Chief Executive Jack Welch demanded concision and simplicity from his managers. Welch would ask his managers to prepare one-page answers to strategic questions. I've seen longer memos between individuals planning lunch. Business was simple, Welch would advise. No need to make it complicated.
Great leaders keep their conversations no longer than they need be and expect the same from others. Sybase CEO John Chen once told me the mark of a leader is the ability to articulate a message that's passionate, clear, and concise.
One famous entrepreneur recommended that if my clients were long-winded I should simply tell them, "Nobody is as interested in you as you think they are!" I've never used that piece of advice, because I want to keep my clients, but it makes the point. I'll reiterate: keep your communications short.
Go to BusinessWeek Online to see the slideshow
 15 Minutes, Tops In my career as a communications coach, I've interviewed many venture capitalists who see dozens of presentations every week. If an entrepreneur doesn't get to the point in the first 15 minutes, they're shown the door.
In fact, 15 minutes is about the length of the average attention span. Research shows that after 15 to 20 minutes our attention drops dramatically. It's no coincidence that President John F. Kennedy's inaugural -- one of the most inspiring speeches ever given -- was scripted for 15 minutes. President Ronald Reagan gave strict instructions to his speechwriters to avoid talks of more than 15 minutes in length. He understood the need for brevity. Have you noticed that segments on 60 Minutes run no more than 15 to 17 minutes? There's a reason for that.
Look, I don't know who's responsible for our declining attention span. Whether it's MTV or video games, that's a question for a sociologist to answer. My goal as a communications coach is simply to make you the most engaging speaker at your company or in your industry. With that in mind, here are some tips:
Pitches If you only had 30 seconds to grab someone's attention, what would you say? This is known as an elevator pitch. Think of it as a commercial -- for your product, company, service, or yourself! It forces you to key in on the most important elements of your message. Here's a hint to help you get started -- listeners want to know three things -- what you do, how you're different, and why they should care.
E-mail Nobody can tell you what the ideal length of an e-mail should be. But like all great speakers, make sure you edit for brevity. I saw the edits JFK made on his inaugural speech before the final draft -- he crossed out a ton of lines to make the speech shorter. Here's a simple gut check: If you have to scroll down to a second page of e-mail text, it had better be an appropriate length for the conversation. Nobody wants to waste their time with ramblings.
Phone Conversations If you think you might reach someone's message machine, prepare a 30-second script. Again, no hard and fast rules, but if you leave a message that's longer than 30 seconds, most busy professionals will either be annoyed or delete the message before the end. I have said this before, but if you're pitching a new prospect, give them your phone number twice -- once at the beginning and once at the end of the message.
Presentations Again, most people have an attention span that falls off dramatically after 15 to 20 minutes. We're just wired that way. Go figure. With that in mind, keep your presentations and talks to that timeframe unless, of course, your presentation requires more time, such as a half-day course on a particular subject. But when that's the case, keep the 20-minute rule in mind and break the presentation into 20-minute blocks with different topics, exercises, demonstrations, or even breaks.
Three-slide Limit Recently I had the pleasure of speaking with one of the premier venture capitalists in the country, Tim Draper of Draper Fisher Jurvetson. His firm was behind such companies as Hotmail, Baidu, and Skype (acquired by eBay). In an initial presentation he says he only wants to see three slides, with no more than three lines of text on each. Three slides!
I can't tell you how many sales pitches I've watched that contain seven times that number. Please don't tell me your material is simply too complicated. I once worked with a CEO whose company was about to go public. His initial presentation lasted more than an hour and contained over 70 slides.
After some editing, we brought it down to 20 minutes and 10 slides. This CEO went on to have a successful initial public offering during a time when few companies were being funded, let alone going public.
One of the most inspiring leaders of the 20th century was Franklin D. Roosevelt. In his new book on FDR, “The Defining Moment,” Jonathan Alter makes some observations about just how much Roosevelt edited his speeches, especially his "fireside chats" on the radio. I was struck by how Roosevelt understood the importance of clarity and brevity.
According to Alter, "FDR knew the actor's trick of always leaving the audience wanting more. 'The public psychology and, for that matter, individual psychology, cannot, because of human weakness, be attuned for long periods of time to a constant repetition of the highest notes in the scale,' he [FDR] wrote to an old friend in 1935."
In fact, not only did most of the chats last under 30 minutes, Roosevelt gave very few of them. Roosevelt knew instinctively that less is more, especially when it comes to the art of human communication. So don't take my word for it, take the cue from some of the world's greatest leaders -- keep it short!
Gallo is a Pleasanton (Calif.)-based corporate presentation coach and former Emmy-award winning TV journalist. He's the author of the new book, “10 Simple Secrets of the World's Greatest Business Communicators.”
Go to BusinessWeek Online to see the slideshow Back to All Business: Lessons in Leadership |
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| Published: Jun.02.2006 @ 11:09 pm
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| 成吉思汗后裔为何是白人 |
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来源:新闻晚报(06/06/02 13:27) |
美国人汤姆·罗宾逊被确定为成吉思汗后裔。
>>>欧美第一传人 成吉思汗"正宗嫡孙"惊现美国
一代天骄成吉思汗有了个已是美国会计学教授的后裔?哥伦布是黑人还是白人?失踪罗布泊20多年的探险家彭加木能否被“复原”?
一连串现象,令人不可思议。但它们都因为同一个词联系在一起———DNA基因。这种看不见的物质,悄悄让漫长的历史,甚至生命获得如电影般重放的可能。“但这仅是技术。它需要正确和正直的社会伦理支持。”
日前,本报记者对话邓亚军。她曾在印度洋海啸中,通过基因鉴定为几千名遇难者找到“回家”的路。
“成吉思汗有美国后裔,数据哪儿来?”
记者(以下简称记):这两天,国外媒体有消息称,成吉思汗和现年48岁的美国人汤姆·罗宾逊,这两个相隔800年的人之间存在血缘关系。依据是:基因鉴定。您怎么看?
邓亚军(以下简称邓):
DNA的一个特性决定了它能用来识别身份,它和指纹一样独特,世界上几乎没有两个人具有一模一样的DNA(同卵双生的双胞胎除外)。
通过检测男性的Y染色体,可以推断是否来自于同一父系。只有男性有Y染色体,它通过父亲遗传给儿子,再由儿子遗传给孙子,就这样代代相传。
但我不是很清楚,他们是如何获得成吉思汗Y染色体的DNA分型结果?也许是通过确定的成吉思汗的后代,由此进行推断的吧;也许是找到了成吉思汗的骸骨,直接从骸骨里提取DNA进行分析,这里面的具体情况我也不太清楚。
此外,上述材料中,关于成吉思汗的后代,仅提到这样一句:“2003年科学家发表一项科学成果称,全世界至少有1600万人是成吉思汗的后代。”
至于这个说法和数字到底正确与否,来源是什么,还有待各方考证。
“黑人、白人,黄种人?Y染色体无法决定!”
记:这位成吉思汗后裔是个地道的白皮肤美国人,这一现象怎么解释?差不多同时,国外媒体还说,通过基因鉴定,还能找到哥伦布的“祖籍”,是黑人还是白人?
邓:黑人、白人、还是黄种人,蓝眼球还是黑眼球,这不是由Y染色体决定的。Y染色体和常染色体相比很小,它所包含的遗传信息也相对较少。许多遗传特征与蛋白表达、个体生活的环境也有一定的关系。
至于哥伦布的“祖籍”在哪儿,到底是黑人还是白人,通过基因检测确实可能获得一个确定的答案,但不是通过Y染色体。由于数量相对较少,它所包含的基因信息也相对少。其他基因和蛋白质的表达方式会在具体环境、漫长时间的共同作用下,让一个人的外貌发生改变。染色体是线状的,容易被外界物理和化学变化“打碎”。
“复原彭加木?不可能。”
记:我们知道,最近在罗布泊发现一具干尸,疑似失踪20多年的探险家彭加木。您一直在为干尸做科学研究,目前进展如何?按照上述说法,我们能不能通过基因排序,把彭加木、成吉思汗、哥伦布‘复原’出来?
邓:复原他们?不可能。你这有点基因决定论的色彩。最近,我确实成功分析出干尸的DNA,如果做基因鉴定,可靠性超过99%。但要复原彭加木,不可能。一个生命,是无法简单用基因排序重组的方法“克隆”出来的。从社会伦理角度来讲,我也不会考虑这样做。
“通过基因,我能知道你祖籍哪里”
记:对基因鉴定来说,未来会有怎样的发展,您能预测吗?
邓:在国外,基因检测技术已发展到能知道一个人眼睛的颜色,头发的颜色。过不了几年,也许我们就能通过DNA检测,知道这个人是上海人、陕西人还是东北人。谁和谁有亲缘关系,这个人属哪个民族.
记:刚才谈到“复原”彭加木,你说从技术上不可能,从伦理上也不会考虑。此前,您的一项数据显示,我国近年亲子鉴定人数上升,引人关注。那么,社会伦理究竟在基因研究方面占怎样的位置?
邓:对我们来说,基因鉴定仅仅是一项技术。但这项技术必须要有正确正直的社会伦理作基础。2004年底,我主动申请赴泰国,为印度洋海啸遗体做基因鉴定,为他们找到“回家”的路,也是出于这样的想法。公布亲子鉴定这一做法,是要人们关注现象背后的问题:目前,我们的家庭诚信有所下降。
邓亚军鉴证实录
■彭加木
2006年4月16日,邓亚军和同事从罗布泊发现的干尸上取下皮肤、骨骼和毛发,带回位于北京的实验室,完成了对干尸样本的分析。
邓亚军说,只要得到彭加木亲属的DNA样本,我们就能判断这具干尸是不是著名探险家彭加木的遗体。
■印度洋海啸
2004年圣诞节期间,印度洋海啸,夺走数十万人的生命,邓亚军带领的援助队伍,在第一时间赶赴泰国,和很多国家的救援人员一起开展尸体辨认和鉴定工作,最终为他们确定身份。此后,DNA身份鉴定开始被大众熟悉。
■成吉思汗
2006年6月初,美国人汤姆·罗宾逊被发现,被称为是迄今为止所发现的、惟一的成吉思汗的“白种人后代”,也是第一个在亚洲以外地区被发现的成吉思汗后代,而这一结论的依据正是基因鉴定。
■哥伦布
今年是发现“新大陆”的探险家克里斯托夫·哥伦布逝世500周年。围绕哥伦布的身世之谜,一些国家的研究人员正展开一项大规模的DNA调查。一些历史学家认为哥伦布是西班牙人,也有人认为他是希腊人或葡萄牙人,甚至有人认为哥伦布是黑人,只是把自己的脸涂白了。
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